Donation after Cardiac Death
Patient Label
ICU (Otago)
Date: ………/………/………..
D
Criteria for donation after cardiac death (DCD):
O
Aged 60 years or less
Severe brain damage
N
On ventilatory support in ICU
A
Consensus that treatment will be withdrawn
Expected to die soon after withdrawal of treatment
T
Advice is available by contacting the donor co-ordinator: 24 hour number 09 630 0935
I
The following procedure for DCD is listed in approximate sequence
.
O
Procedure
Action by
Explanatory Notes
√ when completed
N
1
Discuss withdrawal of
Intensivist &
The decision to withdraw treatment is made by the treating team
treatment with family
ICU nurse
in accord with good medical practice which includes the patient’s
A
best interests, ethical standards and legal requirements. The
views of the patient, as far as they can be ascertained, and of
F
the family, should be taken into account.
T
2
Agreement to withdraw
Intensivist &
Family and treating team must both agree to the withdrawal of
E
treatment
ICU nurse
treatment before DCD can be considered.
R
3
Contact donor
Intensivist
Please discuss all patients who meet the above criteria with the
co-ordinator
donor co-ordinator on-call. The donor co-ordinator will contact
the ODNZ medical specialist on-call, who in turn will phone the
C
intensivist.
A
4
Discuss suitability for
Intensivist &
Discuss suitability for DCD including:
R
DCD
ODNZ medical
Likelihood of deterioration to brain death
specialist
D
The organs and tissues under consideration – liver, kidneys,
heart valves, skin and eyes
I
Whether or not referral to the coroner is required
Time frame for the DCD process
A
Discuss together whether or not the interval between
C
withdrawal of treatment and death is likely to fall within a time
frame that will allow donation.
D
Ideally one intensivist will take responsibility for the DCD
process. An ICU nurse will also be identified for this process.
E
A
5
Discuss organ donation
Intensivist &
Discuss organ donation with the family. Explain the DCD
with family
ICU nurse
process, including:
T
Continuation of care, including sedation if required
H
Options for withdrawal of treatment are OT or ICU. Currently
no procedure has been agreed to allow presence of family
members in OT
Family can only have a short time (a few minutes) with their
loved one following death
The organs and tissues that are under consideration
Use of heparin, if the intensivist does not think that heparin
will influence the process of dying
If death does not occur within the required timeframe for
donation that DCD will not proceed, but tissue donation can
still be facilitated following death
Determine the intent of family to proceed with donation.
.
Southern DHB 68483 V3
Clinical Record
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Issued 16/12/2015 Released 16/12/2015
Procedure
Action by
Explanatory Notes
√ when completed
6
Inform donor
Intensivist
Inform donor co-ordinator of outcome of family discussion and
co-ordinator
whether heparin will be given. Donor co-ordinator will request
the information outlined in the ODNZ ‘Intensive Care
Guidelines’: Section 8.3, and whether referral to coroner is
required.
7
Donor bloods
ICU staff
Donor co-ordinator will arrange courier to collect donor pack
from ICU and transport to NZBS for testing.
D
Testing of bloods commences only after family has
indicated an intent to proceed with DCD.
O
8
Medical/social
ICU nurse
Donor co-ordinator will fax medical/social questionnaire and
N
questionnaire & physical
physical assessment to ICU nurse to complete. Completed
A
assessment
documentation faxed back to donor co-ordinator.
T
9
Agreement of the coroner
Intensivist
When referral to the coroner is required, agreement from the
I
coroner for organ and tissue retrieval must be obtained before
treatment is withdrawn: 24 hour number 0800 266 800.
O
The chief coroner agrees that, in planning for DCD, it is
appropriate for the coroner to agree, before death has occurred,
N
for donation to proceed. Document outcome of the discussion
on the ‘Authority for Organ and Tissue Removal Form’ or in the
A
clinical notes.
F
10
Confirm organs and
Donor
Contact transplant units with donor information and whether or
T
tissues that can be
co-ordinator
not heparin will be given. Inform intensivist of organs and tissues
donated
that can be donated
E
R
11
Determine if family wish
Intensivist &
If no family members wish to be present, withdrawal of
to be present at time of
ICU nurse
treatment will take place in OT 8 after hours or acute theatre
withdrawal of treatment
during working hours.
C
and death
If family members wish to be present, withdrawal will take
place in OT waiting bay after hours or ICU side room, if
A
available.
R
12
Written consent for organ
Intensivist
Inform family of organs and tissues that are able to be donated
and tissue donation
and heparin will be given before withdrawal of treatment. Family
D
representative signs ‘Authority for Organ and Tissue Removal
I
Form’. If family is not present, verbal consent in accord with the
Human Tissue Act 2008 is documented on ‘Authority for Organ
A
and Tissue Removal Form’.
C
13
Inform donor
Intensivist or
Inform donor co-ordinator whether consent has been obtained,
co-ordinator
ICU nurse
for which organs and tissues, whether the family wish to be
D
present and where withdrawal of treatment will take place.
E
14
Organisation of retrieval
Donor
Arrange OT time in liaison with ICU, OT and the transplant
A
operation
co-ordinator
retrieval team. Inform ICU of OT time. OT notifies OT link nurse
and OT staff willing to be involved.
T
H
15
Planning meeting
Donor
Organise a meeting in the Ritchie Room or 5th Floor Seminar
co-ordinator
Room prior to commencement of DCD process for those who
will be involved: intensivist, ICU nurse, OT staff, transplant
retrieval team and donor co-ordinator. Documentation will be
checked at this meeting. OT staff will provide appropriate OT
attire for ICU staff who will be in OT.
16
Patient care in ICU
ICU staff
Continue patient care, including adequate MAP and
oxygenation.
17
OT 8 (after hours) or
Transplant
Set up OT for organ retrieval operation. Trolleys are set up and
acute theatre (working
retrieval team
remain uncovered in OT. Donor co-ordinator informs ICU staff
hours) set up for retrieval
& OT staff
when OT set-up is complete and retrieval team are gowned and
operation
gloved.
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Clinical Record
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For withdrawal of treatment in ICU (single room) with family members present, go to No. 33
For withdrawal of treatment in OT waiting bay (after hours) with family members present, continue from
No. 25
For withdrawal of treatment in OT, continue from No.18
Procedure
Action by
Explanatory Notes
√ when completed
18
Transfer of patient to OT
Intensivist,
ICU staff who will be in OT require appropriate OT attire.
ICU nurses (2)
Continue arterial pressure monitoring and inotropic support, if
D
&
required. Discontinue ECG monitoring. Take all medications that
O
donor
might be required from ICU, including heparin, opioids and
co-ordinator
sedation. Intensivist and ICU nurse continue patient care in OT.
N
Another ICU nurse remains with the family.
A
19
Patient prepared for
Transplant
Patient prepared and draped for surgery. A circulating nurse
T
retrieval operation
retrieval team
remains in the scrub bay but all other OT staff and the retrieval
team (gowned and gloved) leave OT and wait in the utility room.
I
O
20
Administration of heparin
Intensivist
If heparin is to be given, administer 300u/kg prior to withdrawal
of treatment.
N
21
Withdrawal of treatment
Intensivist &
Withdraw treatment (usually ventilation and ETT and inotropes).
ICU nurse
Continue arterial pressure monitoring (ECG monitoring will have
A
been discontinued in ICU). An intensivist and ICU nurse remain
with the patient until death has occurred. Any evidence of
F
distress is treated with opioid and/or sedation as for treatment
T
withdrawal in any other circumstances.
E
22
Determination of death
Intensivist
Determine death on the basis of:
R
Immobility
Apnoea
Absent skin perfusion
C
Absence of pulsatility on the arterial line of at least 2 minutes
A
duration
Notify donor co-ordinator and document time of death on the
R
‘Determination of Death Form’. All equipment remains in OT
until after the organ retrieval.
D
If death does not occur within the required timeframe, DCD
I
will not proceed and the patient will return to ICU for
continuing care. Tissue donation can still be facilitated
A
following death.
C
23
Inform transplant retrieval
Donor
Inform transplant retrieval team and OT staff (waiting in utility
team of death
co-ordinator
room) of death.
D
24
Organ retrieval operation
Transplant
Sight documentation of death and commence organ retrieval
E
retrieval team
immediately but after ICU staff have left OT.
& OT staff
A
For care of patient following donation, go to No. 39
T
For withdrawal of treatment in OT waiting bay after hours, continue from No. 25
H
25
Transfer of patient to OT
Intensivist,
ICU staff who will be in OT require appropriate OT attire.
Waiting Bay
ICU nurses (2)
Continue arterial pressure monitoring and inotropic support, if
&
required. Discontinue ECG monitoring. Take all medications that
donor
might be required from ICU, including heparin, opioids and
co-ordinator
sedation. Intensivist and ICU nurse continue patient care in OT
Waiting Bay. Another ICU nurse remains with the family.
26
Family taken to OT
ICU nurse or
An ICU nurse or donor co-ordinator takes the family to the OT
Waiting Bay
donor
Waiting Bay. The family do not require OT attire.
co-ordinator
Southern DHB 68483 V3
Clinical Record
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Issued 16/12/2015 Released 16/12/2015
Procedure
Action by
Explanatory Notes
√ when completed
27
Administration of heparin
Intensivist
If heparin is to be given, administer 300u/kg prior to withdrawal
of treatment.
28
Withdrawal of treatment
Intensivist &
Withdraw treatment (usually ventilation and ETT and inotropes).
ICU nurse
Continue arterial pressure monitoring (ECG monitoring will have
been discontinued in ICU). An intensivist and ICU nurse remain
with the patient until death has occurred. Any evidence of
distress is treated with opioid and/or sedation as for treatment
D
withdrawal in any other circumstances.
O
29
Determination of death
Intensivist
Determine death on the basis of:
N
Immobility
Apnoea
A
Absent skin perfusion
T
Absence of pulsatility on the arterial line of at least 2 minutes
duration
I
Notify donor co-ordinator and document time of death on the
‘Determination of Death Form’. All equipment remains in OT
O
until after the organ retrieval.
N
If death does not occur within the required timeframe, DCD
will not proceed and the patient will return to ICU for
continuing care. Tissue donation can still be facilitated
A
following death.
F
30
Inform transplant retrieval
Donor
Inform transplant retrieval team of death.
team of death
co-ordinator
T
31
Transfer patient to OT
Intensivist &
Intensivist and donor co-ordinator transfer deceased
E
donor
immediately to OT. Intensivist, donor co-ordinator and circulating
co-ordinator
nurses transfer patient to OT table. The ICU nurse provides care
R
and support for the family.
C
32
Organ retrieval operation
Transplant
Sight documentation of death and commence organ retrieval
retrieval team
immediately but after ICU staff have left OT.
A
& OT staff
R
For care of patient following donation, go to No. 39
D
For withdrawal of treatment in ICU (single room) with family present, continue from No. 33
I
33
Administration of heparin
Intensivist
If heparin is to be given, administer 300u/kg prior to withdrawal
of treatment.
A
34
Withdrawal of treatment
Intensivist &
Withdraw treatment (usually ventilation and ETT, ECG
C
ICU nurse
monitoring and inotropes). Continue arterial pressure
monitoring. An intensivist and ICU nurse remain with the patient
until death has occurred. Any evidence of distress is treated with
D
opioid and/or sedation as for treatment withdrawal in any other
E
circumstances.
35
Determination of death
Intensivist
Determine death on the basis of:
A
Immobility
T
Apnoea
Absent skin perfusion
H
Absence of pulsatility on the arterial line of at least two
minutes duration
Notify donor co-ordinator and document time of death on the
‘Determination of Death Form’.
If death does not occur within the required timeframe, DCD
will not proceed. Tissue donation can still be facilitated
following death.
36
Inform transplant retrieval
Donor
Inform transplant retrieval team and OT staff of death.
team of death
co-ordinator
Southern DHB 68483 V3
Clinical Record
Page 4
Issued 16/12/2015 Released 16/12/2015
For withdrawal of treatment in ICU (single room) with family present, continue from No. 33
37
Transfer of patient to OT
Intensivist &
Intensivist and donor co-ordinator transfer deceased
donor
immediately to OT. Intensivist, donor co-ordinator and circulating
co-ordinator
nurses transfer patient to OT table. The ICU nurse provides care
and support for the family.
38
Organ retrieval operation
Transplant
Sight documentation of death and patient ID and commence
retrieval team
organ retrieval immediately.
Care of patient following donation
39
Completion of routine
ICU staff
ICU staff follow normal protocol following death.
death documentation
40
Care of patient following
OT staff, donor Following donation, care of the patient can be carried out by OT
donation
co-ordinator
staff and the donor co-ordinator. The ICU staff will inform OT
& ICU staff
staff if the family wish the patient to return to the ICU following
donation otherwise the patient will be transferred directly to the
mortuary.
41
For coronial cases
ICU medical
Notification of police by the ICU medical staff. Patient ID and
staff
‘Life Extinct Form’ completed. Police and nursing staff or orderly
transfer patient to mortuary.
Southern DHB 68483 V3
Clinical Record
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Issued 16/12/2015 Released 16/12/2015